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Abstract "Access and allocation" is one of the five analytical problems identified as key for analysing earth system governance in the first Earth System Governance Science and Implementation Plan officially published in 2009. Ten years later and with a new Science and Implementation Plan in place, it is time to take stock. Therefore, this paper addresses the question: What does a decadal review of the Earth System Governance literature tell us about how to conceptualize and define access and allocation, what ethical norms and epistemologies underlie access and allocation research, and what does Earth System Governance scholarship reveal about the interplay between access and allocation and other norms? We find that: (a) there is a relatively small body of the Earth System Governance literature on access and allocation, albeit growing; (b) this literature is largely empirical and dispersed across a variety of topics; and (c) there is a diversity of ethical norms and principles emphasized in Earth System Governance scholarship, but the dynamics between different forms of access and related implications for allocation are relatively underexplored. In light of these findings and with a new Earth System Governance Science and Implementation Plan in place, this paper highlights key areas for further research and development.

This review article addresses the question: What lessons can we learn from work published in International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics regarding the politics of multilateral environmental agreements? What are the implications of these lessons for those responsible for creating and administering these agreements? Based on an analysis of 147 articles published over the past 20 years, the article explores issues of institutional design, institutional politics, implementation, and effectiveness. It concludes that key conditions for success in this realm include: (a) developing a toolkit that is not limited to rules-based governance, (b) paying attention to matters of implementation, (c) bearing in mind the overall regime complex, (d) developing effective leadership based on credibility and accountability, and (e) allowing for institutional adaptation.

Introduction: critical and transformative perspectives on global sustainability governance -- Part 1. Conceptual lenses. Power and legitimacy -- Environmental governance as performance -- Engaging the everyday : sustainability as resonance -- Materiality and nonhuman agency -- Worlding global sustainability governance -- Part 2. Ethics, principles, and debates -- Justice -- Representation of future generations -- The 'good life' and protected needs -- Post-Eurocentric sustainability governance : lessons from the Latin American Buen Vivir experiment -- Responsibility -- Religion -- Sufficiency -- Part 3. Key challenges. North-South inequity and global environmental governance -- Growth and development -- The mining dilemma -- Financialising nature -- Environmental countermovements : organised opposition to climate change action in the United States -- A critique of techno-optimism : efficiency without sufficiency is lost -- Consumer values and consumption -- The population challenge -- Part 4. Transformative approaches. Beyond magical thinking -- Democracy in the Anthropocene -- Living well within limits : the vision of consumption corridors -- Beyond GDP : the economics of well-being -- Beyond a-growth : sustainable zero growth -- Work-time reduction for sustainable lifestyles -- Decarbonisation -- Localism, sharing, and care -- Conclusion: global sustainability governance - really?

AbstractPrivate philanthropic foundations—nongovernmental, nonprofit organizations with assets provided by donors for socially useful purposes—have become key political actors in global sustainability governance. Their collective efforts amount to over USD 112 billion for the implementation of the United Nations (UNs)'s ambitious plan to deliver on seventeen interconnected Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This corresponds to about a quarter of governmental contribution through official development assistance for the same purposes. Many of these foundations implicitly or explicitly aim to foster global justice, through, for example, empowering women, reducing inequalities, and promoting democracy. They thus act as justice agents shaping the substance and practice of justice in global sustainability governance. But what does this direction of private money into supporting global justice norms really mean? This question deserves scrutiny, especially against a context of diverse and contested meanings of justice and because philanthropy—beyond an act of giving—is often an exercise of power. Using critical discourse analysis of texts produced by selected foundations that are key funders of the UN Sustainable Development Agenda, this paper examines how private foundations frame global justice and with what implications for sustainability governance.

The dissertation is organised in four parts. The first part (Chapter 2) sets the background. It explores the status quo and explains the need for transparency in the food chain. This chapter argues that transparency is a condition for responding to the set of changes that occurred in the food system during the last decades. The second part (Chapters 3, 4 and 5) presents the theoretical approaches that this dissertation draws on as well as the analytical perspective and methods used. Chapter three examines the theories and approaches most valuable for analyzing the process of promoting transparency in a multi-actor context. Having reviewed the major approaches, the dissertation¿s own analytical perspective is presented in chapter four. We view the formation of policy outputs for transparency, as a result of both actor strategies and network structures. More specifically, the network is considered to set the context within which individual strategies can evolve. The way actors and network characteristics are operationalised and measured is presented in chapter five. We also present the dissertation¿s methodology for the collection as well as analysis of data and case selection in this chapter. The third part (Chapters 6, 7, 8 and 9) presents the empirical analyses. Putting the model into force, chapters six and seven assess the political feasibility of efforts to improve transparency in the pork chain in the Netherlands and the EU respectively. In a similar vein, chapters eight and nine focus on the farmed-fish chain in the Netherlands and the EU respectively. Finally, the fourth part (Chapter 10) concludes the dissertation, interprets the results and discusses their implications for transparency and sustainability related policies and politics.

Abstract In 2015, the United Nations agreed on 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as an "integrated and indivisible" set of policy objectives with the aim, among others, to unite the diverse and vast system of international organizations under one shared normative agenda. And yet, have these SDGs really become such an integrative force in global governance? Our conclusion here is negative, and our research suggests that the SDGs have not lived up to these high expectations. We find instead that the 17 global goals have not been taken up by a substantial group of international organizations, and some organizations rather cherry-pick those goals that best fit their own agenda and interests. To overcome these challenges and to fulfill the promise of integrated global sustainability governance enshrined in the SDGs, we propose three urgent actions: first, to further push the use of the SDGs across all international organizations, in particular regional organizations outside the United Nations system; second, to facilitate better collaboration across policy domains; and third, to focus attention on those SDGs that are so far "left behind."

Innovative local agrifood governance -- The rise of municipal food movements / Kevin Morgan, Raychel Santo -- Grassroots responsible innovation initiatives in SFSC / Cristina Grasseni -- Food localization and agency : the cases of Regionalwert AG and Luzernenhof in Freiburg, Germany / Lena Partzsch -- Local agrifood systems -- The long and the short of it : motivations and realities for food hub actors in Ontario, Canada / Alison Blay-Palmer, Erin Nelson, Phil Mount, Mike Nagy -- "New" micro agrofood initiatives in crisis-hit Greece and beyond : a promising alternative or business as usual? / Sophia Skordili -- Synergies between localized agri-food systems and short supply chains for geographical indications in Italy / Filippo Arfini, Maria Cecilia Mancini -- Cooperation among small feta cheese dairies as a local territorial development strategy in Thessaly, Greece / Theodosia Anthopoulou, Dimitris Goussios Alternative Agrifood Market Channels -- The fairness of alternative food retailers in the Netherlands / Agni Kalfagianni -- Social justice on the market place : the renewal of peri-urban open-air food markets around Montpellier, France / Coline Perrin, Elodie Valette, Claire Cerdan -- Protection of a 'place': Community-Supported Agriculture (CSA) in Germany / Birgit Peuker

Short food supply chains (SFSCs) rely primarily on local production and processing practices for the provision of food and are, in principle, more sustainable in social, economic and environmental terms than supply chains where production and consumption are widely separated. This book reviews and assesses recent initiatives on this topic from an interdisciplinary perspective. In theoretical terms it draws on and advances two key concepts, namely, place (particularly embeddedness in local economic networks and communities) and governance (particularly in addressing sustainability concerns in an inclusive and socially just manner). Empirically, the book examines a diverse set of SFSCs such as small-scale entrepreneurship, farmers' markets, community supported agriculture and grassroots and solidarity networks. The main examples discussed are from Europe and North America, but the issues are applicable in a global context. The book is of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in food studies, sociology, geography, planning, politics and environmental studies.

Abstract"Access and allocation" is one of the five analytical problems identified as key for analysing earth system governance in the first Earth System Governance Science and Implementation Plan officially published in 2009. Ten years later and with a new Science and Implementation Plan in place, it is time to take stock. Therefore, this paper addresses the question: What does a decadal review of the Earth System Governance literature tell us about how to conceptualize and define access and allocation, what ethical norms and epistemologies underlie access and allocation research, and what does Earth System Governance scholarship reveal about the interplay between access and allocation and other norms? We find that: (a) there is a relatively small body of the Earth System Governance literature on access and allocation, albeit growing; (b) this literature is largely empirical and dispersed across a variety of topics; and (c) there is a diversity of ethical norms and principles emphasized in Earth System Governance scholarship, but the dynamics between different forms of access and related implications for allocation are relatively underexplored. In light of these findings and with a new Earth System Governance Science and Implementation Plan in place, this paper highlights key areas for further research and development.

This article examines stakeholder perspectives on the 'optimality' of the climate policy mix in the agri-food sector in the EU using the criteria of environmental effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and political feasibility. Based on a literature review and selected stakeholder interviews in two Northern (The Netherland and UK) and two Southern EU Member States (Italy and Spain), we conclude that the current policy mix is far from optimal. There are currently no EU-wide policy instruments to address GHG emissions in the agri-food sector, and little Member State level action. A number of initiatives from the private sector (particularly retailers) are present, although they are limited in scope and objectives. Looking forward, three concrete recommendations for improvements may be identified. First, stakeholders identify the need for the development of EU-wide policy instrumentation for GHG abatement from the agri-food sector, to provide a 'level playing field' for farmers and other economic agents in the sector. Second, many stakeholders consider it crucial that a holistic, 'whole supply chain' in contrast to a 'piecemeal' approach is taken. Third, the role of government is considered important, but predominantly in terms of providing a general framework within which more ambitious voluntary approaches could develop. Policy relevance From a policy perspective, this article aims to assist the EU develop more 'optimal' climate policies for the agri-food sector by taking into account the views and perspectives of different stakeholders involved in different countries on three main 'optimality' criteria, namely, environmental effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and political feasibility.